Substation equipment and their functions substations introduction. The iec 61850 standard stipulates the substation configuration description language scl file as a means to define the substation equipment, ied function and also the communication mechanism for. This 12hour live online substation training course give an overview of substations, primary breaking device, transformer, secondary switching devices, switchgear. Electrical substation equipment for transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. One purpose of a substation is to contain the equipment for changing electric energy from one voltage to another. Switchgear equipment performs two separate functions.
Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. Load interrupting or a loadbreak switch combines the functions of a disconnecting switch and a load interrupter for interrupting at rated voltage and currents not exceeding the. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the system. Deployment of substation and feeder operating functions and applica. Download file pdf manual on ehv substation equipment maintenance manual on ehv substation equipment maintenance webinar substation the basics of a substation configuration and its components this webinar. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning.
Bus bars may be enclosed in a metal housing, in the form of bus duct or bus way, segregatedphase bus, or isolatedphase bus. Customer substation manual 6272019 preface page 8 of 82 010. Report on industrial summer training on 220 kv substation. Supply of electric power to different consumers is done at low voltage level. Ppt on substation equipments authorstream presentation. This webinar discusses the basic configuration of a substation as well as the key players involved with operations and control of transmission and distribution circuits. Ieee power substations standards collection included active standards covering switching stations, transformer stations, and generating station switchyards. Earth bus bars are typically bolted directly onto any metal chassis of their enclosure. Integration of protection, control, and data acquisition functions into a minimal number of platforms to reduce capital and operating costs, reduce panel and control room space, and eliminate redundant equipment and databases. Substation equipment and functions equipment type function substation. Transmission basics facilities, interconnection and permitting laurie a. Construction and operation of a substation could have direct impacts on rare species or their habitat if the substation is sited in an area with highquality habitat suitable for protected species.
Substation equipment an overview sciencedirect topics. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. Substation automation systems make their control and. The general scope of the standard is designed to support the communication of all functions being performed in the substation. The smart substation should make full use of advanced technologies, such as big data, mobile interconnection, artificial intelligence, and image recognition, to realize the intelligent operation and maintenance of substation equipment in the mode of highest efficiency and lowest cost, with the functions of. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. The connectors can be assembled for compression with different forms depending on the require ment, example, circumferential, hexagonal. The lowest level is the power system equipment, such as transformers and circuit breakers. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Electric power substations components and functions ibibor s.
Some types of substations are tiny in size with an inbuilt transformer as well as related switches. That all equipment fit within substation lot and complies with standards. A substation is an electrical system with highvoltage capacity and can be used to control the apparatus, generators, electrical circuits, etc. Differences can be defined by the following features, as the functionality of a substation can be. Overhead lines and substation equipment can be protected against direct. Commissioning services for equipment rated equal to, or greater than 100 kv, and the protection schemes that directly affect equipment rated equal to, or greater than 100 kv are performed by a corporate engineering department. It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear. Connection diagrams of the optical and tail fibers between different cubicles will be. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. If you have work that needs to be done in the house, you will need to consider their schedule. Their main purpose is to limit the maximum fault current to a value which will not damage generating, distribution or other associated equipment in the power system, yet allow sufficient flow of fault current to operate protective relays to clear fault.
Switching operations substations connect or disconnect elements of the power system, using circuit breakers andor switches. Commissioning process for new substation equipmenthayes. Substation equipment ieee std 32011, ieee guide for static var compensator field tests ieee std 781997 r2002, ieee guide for commissioning high. Because of the height of some substation equipment and the clearing necessary. A variety of substations can be classified depending on their functions, voltage, location and even their insulation.
Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission. Certain configurations may be more suited to a specific task, so the equipment in each type of substation may vary, but. Substation automation includes a complete range of flexible object terminals, including all necessary functions for substation control and substation monitoring systems. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. The purpose of the workshop was to engage electric power utility representatives, substation equipment manufacturers, and consultants, to solicit their input to help direct mceers research and iii.
Introduction to substations annotated instructors guide module overview this module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an introduction to typical substation components included. Substation equipment such as circuitbeakers, isolators, earthing switches, surge arresters, cts, vts, neutral grounding equipment. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment. In power system network, in order to transmit and distribute the generated power, it is necessary to install substations at strategic points to work at required voltage level since high voltage transmission is resorted to.
It means that you will have to refinance into a home rehab loan. Pdf a database has been developed that documents performance of substation. In this way, the main buses will not block the removal of equipment located in the substation interior. Pdf green and sustainable power is the need of the day. Advances in substation equipment technology have led to increased unit capacity, smaller size, and environmental preservation. Our 12hour live online substation training course will cover the major elements that build electrical substations and switchyards. The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. The substations are mainly used to convert ac alternating current to dc direct current. Report on industrial summer training on 220 kv substation 1. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Home technical articles what is distribution substation and its main components. Besides changing the voltage, the job of the distribution substation is to isolate faults in either the transmission or distribution systems.
Main tasks associated with major substations in the. Substations also enable one or more of the following functions to be accomplished. Basic substation configurations and the components. Substation is integral part of a power system and form important links between the generating station, transmission systems, distribution systems and the load points. The substation equipment and their functions mainly include the following. Proceedings of the workshop on improving earthquake. Substation equipment and its function 2 slideshare.
Functions generator stepup transmission center distribution. All of the building blocks are based on state of the art numerical technology, compatible with conventional equipment. Additionally, complete modular distribution substation configurations for all voltages mod subs are also included, since. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators. Pdf development of an electrical substation equipment. Sometimes different phases are connected differently to other equipment. Before embarking on determining substation reliability indices, it is helpful to be familiar with some of the common substation layouts and their corresponding names.
A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Industrial summer training report on uttar pradesh power corporation limited 2202 kv substation barahuwa gorakhpur submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of bachelor of technology in electrical engineering ee submitted by ashutosh srivastava. Table 2 provides a general list of substation equipment types, their basic function, and the category of substations that they would be used in. Substation equipment in this section we describe the function and operating principles of the following power. Current transformer when current in a circuit is too high to directly apply to measuring instruments, a current transformer is used. Often the most desirable arrangement has the main buses at higher elevations than the buses and equipment in the substation bays. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering submitted by v.
Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. Introduction in our present society that is greatly dependent on electric power, substation technology plays an important role in the stable and highquality transmission of electric energy. The substation battery banks are sized and purchased by the substation engineering activity. The abcs of substation automation levels of substation automation substation integration and automation can be broken down into five levels. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission, and arrangement of each component. Grid substations town substation classification of substations on the basis of design. And also an attempt is made to cover the general maintenance of substation. Since all jea substation battery banks are installed. It includes study of transmission lines, bus bars, circuit breakers.
Consequently, it is important to consider equipment removal routes during the structure layout. The new, improved technology can thus be implemented step by. Substation equipment and their functions essay 57411 words. Pdf maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of 220. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc. Kel37 page 2 substation equipments and its function distribution system the major function of distribution system is to provide power to individual consumer requirement. An electrical substation is an installation with electrical equipment capable of interrupting or establishing electrical circuits and changing the voltage, frequency, or other characteristics of the electrical energy flowing in the circuits.
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